The Crusades were a series of military campaigns launched by the papacy between 1095 and 1291 against Muslim rulers for the recovery and defence of the Holy Land, encouraged by …

Dec 5, 2025 · Crusades, military expeditions, beginning in the late 11th century, that were organized by western European Christians in response to centuries of Muslim wars of expansion.

Jun 7, 2010 · The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight …

Oct 12, 2018 · The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and …

May 5, 2025 · The Crusades were holy wars sanctioned by the pope against enemies of Christendom. The First Crusade began in 1095 with Pope Urban II's call at the Council of …

Nov 24, 2025 · The crusades were a centuries-long sequence of era-defining medieval holy wars that transformed dynamics of power and religious ideas across Europe and the Middle East.

May 14, 2018 · Although the institution of the crusade was triggered by events taking place in the Near East and had its first powerful military impact far away from the European heartland, the …

Jun 27, 2023 · Short guide to researching the Crusades, in English, 11th-14th centuries. Last updated 06-27-2023.

Dec 5, 2025 · Crusades - Holy War, Jerusalem, Europe: Western Europe became a significant power by the end of the 11th century. An economic revival was in full swing, and Europeans …

Crusades include the traditional numbered crusades and other conflicts that prominent historians have identified as crusades. The scope of the term "crusade" first referred to military …