This paper examines the outcome of four different procedures for quantifying small-scale association patterns in vegetation, with respect to data from Church Island salt marsh, Menai Bridge, N. Wales.

Complexity theory highlights scale-dependent feedback mechanisms as an explanation for regular spatial patterning in ecosystems. To what extent scale-dependent feedback clarifies spatial structure in ...

Abstract: Water managers throughout the Western U.S. depend on seasonal forecasts to assist with operations and planning. In this study, we develop a seasonal forecasting model to aid water resources ...