The cause of interstitial cystitis, a chronic disease that affects the bladder, is unknown. Autoantibodies, such as those against nuclear and bladder epithelium antigens, have been found in patients ...
Background A 32-year-old primiparous woman presented with a painful left-sided giant hydronephrotic kidney secondary to pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). Investigations Renal ultrasonography ...
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1 Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China 2 Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China Primary renal well ...