When evaluating the dynamic performance of precision analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) using fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, coherent sampling typically is used to accurately measure the ...

How to quantify the power-supply noise sensitivity of signal-processing chain loads. How to calculate the maximum acceptable power-supply noise. Strategies to meet power-domain sensitivity with ...

Lock-in amplifiers were invented in the 1930s [1, 2, 3] and commercialized [4] in the mid 20 th century as electrical instruments that are capable of extracting signal amplitudes and phases in ...

A description of a four-phase RC oscillator of a sinusoidal and rectangular shape is given. A triangular-shaped signal is obtained by the counterphase addition of half-waves of sinusoidal signals ...