This course will introduce you to the theory of functions of complex variables, which is a core area of mathematics. It is a basic tool in many mathematical theories. We will cover complex numbers and ...

In this paper, I present the case of the discovery of complex numbers by Girolamo Cardano. Cardano acquires the concepts of (specific) complex numbers, complex addition, and complex multiplication.

Complex numbers are numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and an imaginary number. Complex numbers are the building blocks of more intricate math, such as algebra. They can be applied to ...

Complex systems such as metabolic pathways, ecosystems, the Internet, or human societies are comprised of large numbers of components that interact according to rules that change over time and that ...

William Ross does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...